CS178 Assignment 6 - Landscape and Nature

Bryce Canyon at Dawn. Photo by Andrew Adams.

Motivation

We explored the man-made environment in assignment 4 and then arranged scenes contrived especially for the photograph in assignment 5. It's time to return to one of the richest sources of beauty for photography: nature, and particularly the natural landscape.

The difference between a mundane landscape and a great landscape is often composition. Pay attention to lines, framing, suggestive forms, diagonals, s-curves, balance, rhythm and texture. Lighting will also play a large role in your photographs this week. You will find that morning and evening lighting brings out rich colors and delicate shadows in your photographic subjects, whereas mid-day lighting is generally harsh and direct. For a more dramatic photograph try positioning yourself so that the sun provides side-lighting, or even back-lighting. Getting the correct exposure is more challenging in these situations, but the results are well worth it!

You might use this assignment as a reason to head up into the hills that run along the peninsula. Skyline Drive is dotted with nature reserves where great landscape photos can be taken. If you're feeling really adventurous, the Mecca of landscape photography is only a five hour drive away (Yosemite).

Instructions

As usual, there are five requirements that you will meet by taking 5-10 photographs. Below each one justify your choice of camera settings and comment on compositional elements of your scene.

Before you begin, you'll find it helpful to read through the landscape examples in the Ansel Adams chapter of your course reader: "Examples: The Making of 40 Photographs".

Requirements

• Requirement 1: Use an S-Curve
  S-Curves can be used in photographs for a variety of purposes. They can lead the viewer's eye to the subject, convey a sense of depth (eg a road winding into the distance), or they can be flat compositional elements that create a balanced scene. At least one of your photos this week should use an S-Curve for one of these purposes. Describe in the comments what purpose the S-curve serves compositionally. Note that the S-curve we refer to here is not the same thing as an S-curve you might use in a curves layer in Photoshop to enhance contrast.
• Requirement 2: Improve on Nature with Photoshop
  For at least one of the landscape photos you take this week, touch it up in Photoshop and make it even better. Make at least one local edit, like dehazing a region with a judiciously painted on curves layer, or removing an eyesore with the healing brush. Additionally, make at least one global edit, like color-correcting or recropping and straightening the entire image. Post the before and after photos to Picasa. The difference can and probably should be subtle, but there should be a clear improvement.
• Requirement 3: Panorama
  In assignment 4 you took an interior panorama, and had to be very careful to rotate the camera about the center of the lens to avoid artifacts. This week take an exterior panorama of a landscape. You'll find that landscape panoramas are far more forgiving, as the scene is mostly far away so small movements of the photographer do not materially change the point of view. It's easy to make a boring landscape panorama that simply compresses multiple elements into the frame. Find a subject wide enough to justify the use of this technique. Also, we would like you to stitch the panorama yourself, so don't use the "panorama" mode on your camera (if it has one) to fulfill this requirement.
• Requirement 4: Texture
  Take at least one shot in which the main, or even sole compositional element is a natural texture. Use a small aperture (large F-number) to get everything in focus. Interesting natural textures include grass, rock, sand, and clouds. Use Photoshop to take advantage of the full tonal range available to you, from black to white. You'll find that textures under grazing light appear richer, which leads us to the next requirement...
• Requirement 5: The Golden Hour
  Landscape photography is best done in the golden hour. This is the hour after dawn or the hour before sunset when the light is a rich golden color and strikes the earth at a grazing angle, emphasizing details. At least one of your photographs this week must be of a landscape taken during the golden hour. Dawn is definitely preferable, as the air is much clearer, but if your sleep schedule makes dawn either too late or too early, sunset is also acceptable. Sunset is currently approximately 8pm, and dawn is approximately 6am. You should thus be planning to take photos from 7-8pm, or 6-7am.

Upload your photos and add comments.

As a reminder, we will penalize photographs with insufficient comments, and you should in your peer reviews. You should write at least two paragraphs below each of your photos explaining how you arranged the scene, how you took the photo, what relevant camera settings you used and why, any image processing done to the photograph afterwards.

Example Solution

Please remember that the photographs that you submit for each assignment must be taken by you specifically for this course. Do not reuse old photographs that you may have laying around, even if they perfectly meet one of the requirements!

If you have questions or comments about the photos we used in the example solution, feel free to add them as comments below the corresponding photograph in Picasa Web, or to email us.

Peer Grading

You should follow the same rubric as the previous assignments.

Practice Problems

We're back with practice problems this week! The topic this week is Color Theory, so have fun with the following few problems:

• Problem 1 True or False? For a camera to record color correctly, two spectral power distributions that are metamers to a camera should also be metamers to a human. answer is True. Otherwise, patterns a camera sees might be invisible to humans, or patterns a human sees might be invisible to a camera. Both would lead to incorrect renditions to scenes. In practice, the color filters in cameras are not quite the same as the tristimulus sensitivity functions of humans.

• Problem 2 In a cylindrical color space, such as HSV, consider the set of colors that have the same nonzero saturation, S, and the same value, V. These colors form a ________ in the HSV coordinate system. Circle the best answer.
  • a) cylinder
  • b) plane
  • c) half-plane
  • d) cylindrical shell
  • e) straight line
  • f) ray
  • g) circle

• Problem 3 If you are taking a picture of an infinite blue wall lit by the sun on a clear day, which one of these white balance settings is your camera most likely to pick, if you leave it on Auto White Balance (AWB)?
  • a) incandescent (3000K)
  • b) fluorescent (4000K)
  • c) daylight (5200K)
  • d) shade (6500K)
  • e) ultra rainbow pearlescent sparkle glow (123456789K)

• Problem 4 Suppose you superimpose a white light and a red light, of equal radiance, on a white piece of paper. What color will you get where they overlap?
  • a) red
  • b) pink
  • c) white
  • d) not enough information to answer

Due Date

Assignments are generally due on Sunday at midnight at the end of the week in which they're assigned. This leaves you free to start thinking about the next assignment during your next section. Sometimes lateness is unavoidable. In such circumstances, be sure to read the lateness policy from the course outline.